This report explores the exercise of civil rights by immigrants and the barriers they face in their relations with state institutions and the general population. The originality of the paper consists in approaching obstacles to the exercise of rights from the perspective of discrimination. In the first chapter we have defined the methodology (mainly qualitative) and the concepts with which we have operated during the course of the work and we have attempted a typologization of discrimination that will help us to frame the situations highlighted in the interviews with immigrants. Further, we have selected some sociological theories that attempt to explain discrimination as a reaction to the perception of threat by majority groups, in terms of competition for scarce resources, as a form of authoritarianism specific to extreme right-wing groups, or as an expression of the duality of identity/otherness. The second part provides an analysis of European and national legislation related to discrimination from the perspective of migrants' rights and an overview of the institutional system involved in dealing with complaints of discrimination. Chapter three is dedicated to the synthesis of international and Romanian literature dealing with topics such as discrimination, abuse, exploitation and social inequalities in areas such as housing, health, education, work, etc., as they are experienced by/reflected on immigrants. In chapter four we have analyzed the data resulting from the qualitative research (interviews and focus groups) and the quantitative pilot research (correspondence testing) and formulated recommendations for action to improve practices related to migrants' civil and social rights. The recommendations are addressed to all actors involved in the process: authorities, migrants, general population, employers and politicians. Although a difference in treatment approach was intended, the results of the qualitative research analysis revealed a much wider range of problems, from lack of information of both authorities and migrants, to language barriers, bureaucracy in the institutional system, abuse, exploitation, discrimination and finally corruption.